LM Legal Services Blog

It is clear that the foreign buyers are the most influential on the property market in Bulgaria. Currently, the most active buyers are the Russians and the Russian speaking citizens of the former Soviet republics with share exceeding 40% of all buyers. They mainly buy holiday apartments in ready developments at the Black Sea (90% of them) at prices ranging between 20 000 Euros and 40 000 Euros. Most of these buyers come from the European part of Russia, the area of Moscow and the other large Russian cities. The interest of the Russians is based on the better property prices and the lower costs of living in Bulgaria. French, Italians, Germans and Dutch also buy properties in Bulgaria but there isn’t a specific nationality of buyers who have a significant impact on the market.

The Brits who have been the engine of the property boom in Bulgaria in previous years are not in the role of sellers. Many of them would like to sell their holiday homes due to the recession and the shortage of cash.

The property mark in the once popular Black Sea resort of Sunny Beach is almost dead and the prices have dropped by 50% since 2008. The most popular mountain resort of Bansko is full of empty developments and although the property prices have been slashed to 500-600 Euros per square metre, they still do not attract buyers. Fully furnished apartments are on the market for 18 000 Euros.

The Mail On Sunday, 20 November 2011

A group of Britons who faced arrest and threats of violence during a two-year dispute over the ownership of flats they had bought in a Bulgarian ski resort have finally won their case.
The 70 investors have gained access to the apartment block in the former Communist state as well as securing the title deeds to their flats, which they had purchased for £6 million.
The resolution of the dispute is considered so significant that Britain’s most senior diplomat in the country will attend a party next weekend at the All-Seasons leisure complex in the town of Bansko, 120 miles south of the capital Sofia.
The owners were denied entry after an influential local businessman took over the entire development and refused to hand over the keys.
The Britons staged a mass break-in to seize possession of the block but in a series of court cases their pleas for justice were ignored.
Financial adviser Paul Hassall, from Horsham, West Sussex, who was arrested twice by Bulgarian police during the campaign to get the flats back, said: ‘The British Consul says this is the first time a group of British victims of property crime in Bulgaria have united and won their case.’

Jack Fagan, Irish Times

AROUND THIS time of year, the newspapers are generally packed with large ads for overseas real estate. That has been going on for over a decade but, in recent years, Bulgaria and other former Eastern Bloc countries have been particularly active in targeting Irish buyers who had a reputation for being big spenders during the Celtic Tiger years.

These overseas property ads are rarely, if ever, seen any more simply because Bulgaria’s real estate boom has turned to bust and Irish and UK buyers are fleeing due to rapidly falling values and the rising number of uncompleted developments.

Other former Eastern Bloc countries are suffering the same fate.

Bulgaria became a particular favourite for many Irish investors because holiday homes were frequently available at half, or even one-third, of the price of similar properties on the Costa del Sol. Attracted by unrealistic promises of exceptional returns, Irish investors had no hesitation in borrowing heavily to buy cheap buy-to-let homes.

Dublin mortgage agents say that, because of the refusal of Irish banks generally to fund property investments in Bulgaria, many purchasers released equity from their homes or Irish-based property investments. Others used hot money in the belief that the Revenue had enough on its plate in tracing second homes and investments in Spain, France, Portugal and other popular destinations without traipsing through the former Eastern Bloc.

“A great deal of the money invested in Bulgaria never appeared on the radar. It would be hard to trace,” says one of Dublin’s largest mortgage lenders.

Tom McGrath, a Dublin solicitor specialising in the overseas residential markets, says that a combination of naivety and greed led many Irish people to buy up to five properties in Bulgaria with the intention of “flipping” them on before they were completed to make a profit.

Any number of estate agents had recommended this as a fool-proof way of making money but the reality was different and they have been left “with properties that they do not want, cannot sell and cannot afford to complete on”.

The market in Bulgaria is over-supplied and pretty well on the floor. Real estate agencies say that at least one-third of the 2,200 foreign-owned holiday flats in Bansko – one of the country’s top ski towns – are on the block again, often at half price.

One media report has suggested that some Black Sea hotel owners have offered their debt-laden businesses for sale for €1 – grim news for tourism, Bulgaria’s top foreign investment sector.

The property market in Bulgaria, like Ireland, has had a hard landing. Construction firms have been laying off workers and, with bank borrowing getting more difficult, many developers are finding it increasingly hard to complete schemes.

McGrath says that promises of guaranteed rent from developers are often unfulfilled and these properties were overvalued in the first instance to take account of this arrangement.

Investment in the property sector, which accounted for 30 to 40 per cent of GNP in the past few years, brought an immediate profit, says local economist Tihomir Bezlov: “Real estate for Bulgaria was like oil and gold for other countries.”

The same could probably be said of Ireland but, unlike Bulgaria, there was never any suspicion here that the industry was being used to launder money from criminal proceeds.

Bulgaria’s authorities have admitted they cannot prove where the money that fed the boom came from. Could some of the proceeds of the Northern Bank robbery in Belfast in 2004 be in the Black Sea? There’s a thought.

Irish estate agencies offer holiday apartments in the Bulgarian resorts at prices which 35% lower than the original ones. Part of the offer is that if the purchase is completed by the end of the month the buyers will save further 500 Euros.

In Sunny Beach on the Black Sea cost the cheapest offer is 24 990 Euros for a studio apartment. At the same time in the ski resort of Bansko studios are on offer for 20 000 Euros and generally prices at the mountain resorts are lower.

For the first time in four years there are clear signs that the interest towards holiday homes in Bulgaria has decreased. The major buyers on this market – the Irish and the English – have stopped buying. The estate agents now joke that the result of this crisis is exactly what the greens have been striving to achieve – there is no construction in the resorts whatsoever.

According to the analysts, the slump has come as a natural result of the wish of the developers to constantly increase the number of foreign buyers, taking advantage of the low prices. At the moment there are no buyers at all and many developers sell their properties well below their value. Those few developers who have free cash despite the recession do not want to invest in the overdeveloped Black Sea and mountain resorts. There the property prices have dropped so much that a studio costs as much as a new middle class car. Despite this, there are no buyers. The supply on the holiday property market is 80% higher than the demand. There are thousands of sellers and no buyers. There is no secondary market due to the low rental income.

40 000 Euros can buy you a furnished one bedroom apartment in Sunny Beach. Most buyers receive not only discounts but also fitted kitchens, furniture or at least laminated floor.

In Bansko the situation looks similar. A one bedroom apartment of 80 sq m, situated close to the gondola lift costs 38 000 Euros. Further away from the lift in the direction of the central parts of the town price fall and for 30 000 Euros investors can buy an apartment of 64 sq m. Completed furnished apartments sell for about 600 Euros per sq m.

Although the holiday homes market has reached new lows, the analysts believe that in long term there will be good prospects for its development. The recession itself has lead to to preservation of the nature and this will eventually attract new buyers and tourists. On the other hand the recession has brought new lower prices of materials and labour. Many companies which got involved in construction because of the high profits are now going bankrupt. The developers are becoming more careful and there are expectations that the new projects will be of much better quality and with better location.

Regardless of the fact that the British and Irish buyers have lost interest towards the Bulgarian market, the analysts expect that soon Russians, Poles and Scandinavians will start buying in great numbers in Bulgaria. However, they look for different products and it seems that what has been built for the British buyers will not satisfy them. The holiday apartment or house will be less important than the environment, the peace and quiet, and the services on offer.